Improvement in lamps



E. B'LAGKMAN.

Lamp.

No. 215,867. v Patented Ma y 27,1879.-

1&2.

Jaw/x221:

N. PETERS, PHOTD-IJTHOGRAFHER, WASHINGTON. D C.

UNITED STATES 'FFrcE.

PATENT EBENEZER BLAOKMAN, OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR OF ONE- HALFHIS *RIGHT TO A. HOMER BYINGTON, OF NORVALK, CONN.

IMPROVEMENT IN LAMPS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent N0. 215,867, dated May 27,1879 application filed December 15, 1877.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, EBENEZER BLACKMAN, of thecity of Brooklyn, in Kings county, and State of New York, have inventedcertain new and useful Improvements in Lamps, of which the following isa specification.

My invention relates principally to lamps embodying the combination,with a burner, ot' a translucent or transparent holder or base, and ashade so fitted thereto that a chimney may be dispensed with.

The invention consists in the combination, with such translucent ortransparent base and shade supported thereon, of a packing betweensaidbase and shade, whereby a tight joint between the two is obtained,all noise incident to the rattling of the shade on the base is obviated,and the heating of the base from the shade is in a great measureavoided- The invention also consists in the combination, with suchtranslucent or transparent base, shade supported thereon, and packingbetween the two, of fastening devices arranged on and forming part ofthe packing, whereby the packing is enabled to serve the additionalpurpose of locking the shade to the base.

The invention also consists in the combination of a lamp-burner, atranslucent or transparent holder or base supported thereon ,devices forlocking the holder or base to said burner, a shade supported on saidholder or base, and packing between the said holder orvbase and shade,and devices on said packing for locking the shade to the holder or base,whereby I produce a lamp wherein the appurtenances for producing a draftand diffusing the light are efiectually precluded from rattling, and alamp admirably adapted for use on boats and in railway-cars and othervehicles.

The invention also consists in a shade provided with devices, preferablyconsisting of lugs made of elastic material, for securing it to itsholder or base.

The invention also consists in details of construction,hereinafterdescribed and claimed.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 represents a side view of alamp-burner, and side view and partial section of a translucent ortransparent holder or base supported thereon, and a central section of ashade fitting on said holder or base, and of a packing between saidholder and base and shade, embodying my improvements. Fig. 2 is a planor top view of such holder or base, and Fig. 3 is aninverted plan orbottom view of the shade and packing.

Similar letters of reference designate correparent holder or base B. Byfitting the holder or base B in the gallery a of the burner, and turningsaid holder orbase so that its inclined ribs d are brought under theclaws c, the holder or base maybe securely locked to the lampburner, sothat it cannot rattle or become accidentally displaced. Any number ofthe claws c and ribs (1 may be used; but two of each will, I think,prove sufiicient.

The holder or base is provided above its tubular portion a with aninwardly-extending neck or contraction, e, and above the holder with anoutwardly-extending flange, f, surmounted by an inwardly-extending rim,9 but so far as the present invention is concerned the shape of thisholder or base is immaterial, save as regards the inclined ribs (1 andsurmounting inwardly-extending rim 9. This rim, it will be seen, isprovided with a notch, h, through which a lug or locking device carriedby the shade 0 may enter in order to be adjusted under the rim 9 forsecuring the shade in place. Although I have shown but a single notch,h, I may, if desirable, provide the holder or base with others of thesame kind.

The shade O is of ordinary conical shape, and is provided with the usualdownwardlyextending rim c'under an offset, 70, and it may be made of theordinary semi-opaque material.

D designates a packing, consisting of any suitable flexible or elasticmaterial, such as india-rubber, leather, a soft woven fabric, or felt,attached to the exterior of the rim 'i of the shade by any suitablecement or adhesive substance, or by any other means. Itis designed to beof sufficient thickness to fit snugly within the inner edge of theinwardly-extending rim 9 of the holder or base B.

j designates lugs or locking devices, of elastic material, serving tosecure the shade to its holder or base, and, in this instance, affixedto the shade. They are shown as made of the same material as andconnected to the packingring D, and as extending outwardly from it andadapted to fit underneath the said inwardlyextending rim g of the holderor base. I have shown it as provided with but two of these lugs ordevices, and these as arranged at opposite portions of the exterior ofthe packing.

To fasten the shade to the base, one of these lugs is slipped under therim g, and the other is slipped downwardly through the notch 71.therein, whereupon the shade is turned laterally until the lug or devicej last named has been adj usted under the said rim 9 of the holder orbase.

As the packing, by fitting snugly against the inner edge of the rim g,produces a friction thereon, there is little or no tendency for theshade to move or turn around so as to bring either of the lugs ordevices j opposite the notch h and admit of the detachment of the shade.

For facilitating the removal of the shade, I may provide the rim 9 ofthe holder or base at one side of the notch h with a stop, 8, forprecluding the movement of either of the lugs or devices j on the shadepast the said notch, save in one direction.

The holder or base B being locked securely to the burner A, and theshade being locked firmly to the said base or holder,.thcre can belittle or no rattling of these parts. This, however, is by no means theonly advantage attained by my invention.

As the packing D forms a tight joint between the holder or base andshade, air is pre eluded from entering, so as to interfere with theproper deflection of the draft upon the flame and cause the light toflicker.

As the packing is formed of a material which is a poor conductor ofheat, the shade will not readily transmit the heat imparted to it fromthe flame to the holder or base, and hence the holder is in a greatmeasure precluded from becoming unduly contracted and expanded throughexcessive heat at the upper portion, as is commonly the case where sucha holder or base and shade are combined in the ordinary manner,

It is obvious that the packing D, if made of elastic material, might beprovided with a bead capable ofbein g sprung or pressed within and underthe rim 0 of the holder or base, and of expanding afterward so as tosecure the shade.

It is also obvious that the packing may be My invention is not confinedto a combined holder or base and shadelike those I have described, butmay be applied with great advantage to chimneys or globes used uponlamps and lighting apparatus.

I am aware that Letters Patent of the United States numbered 112,7 74,granted March 21, 1871, to George Brandon, for an improvement instreet-lamps, comprise a packing of felt between two sections or partsof alamp. Therefore 1 do not claim such a packing, broadly, as myinvention.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, ic

-1. The combination of a translucent or transparent holder or base andshade or section of a chimney supported thereon, the two parts being socombined that one fits circumferentially around the other, of apacking'ring of felt or other suitable material fitting directly betweenthe adj acent circumferences of the said two parts, substantially asspecified, whereby inequalities in the circumferences of the two partsare compensated for, and the rattling of said parts is precluded.

2. The,combination of a holder or base, a shade or other appurtenance ofa lamp supported thereon, and a packin g-rin g fitting between the twosaid parts, provided with lugs or locking devices extending from it tosecure the said two parts together, substantially as specified.

3. A packing-ring adapted for use in the joint between a holder or baseand a shade or other appurtenance of a lamp supported thereon, saidpacking-ring having upon it lugs or locking devices, substantially asspecified.

4. The combination of a lamp-burner, translucent holder or basesupported thereon, claws on said lamp-burner embracing inclined ribs onsaid holder or base, a shade supported on said holder or base, and apacking fitting between said holder or base and shade, and provided withlugs or locking devices, substan tially as and for the purposespecified.

5. A shade provided with devices made of elastic material for securingit to its holder EBENEZER BLAOKMAN.

Witnesses CHANDLER HALL, THOMAS E. BrRcH.

